Multinationals and Human Rights in the face of the UN Global Compact

Globalisation has brought rapid and profound changes in the political landscape, social-economic development and its side effects are felt and recognized by almost all the International Society, including Brazil.
The deepening gap between developed and developing countries has been denounced by almost all reports by nongovernmental organizations-NGOs However the neglect on the part of Governments should work with sanctioning policies whose intent would be to curb such abuses, and to measure compliance with the protection of human rights is fully begun.
As a result, companies and national and multinational, in the ceaseless quest for profit are likely to violate, disobey and disrespect to human rights protection to enhance its competitiveness and growth.
For this reason the United Nations-UN, which brings the Universality of Human Rights itself, as a system of freedom in which the human being is the priority of world attention, has sought new approaches to change that paradigm.
Although not all UN standards regarding human rights, are bound by a formal treaty in which states ratify and from which assume legal liability compulsory.
During the World Economic Forum in Davos (Switzerland) in 1999, was launched by former Secretary-General Kofi Annan the Global Compact or the Global Compact, an initiative that seeks to provide voluntary principles to promote sustainable growth in business. This is not a regulatory instrument, regulatory, sanctioning, a code of conduct or a system of management or business practices of ISO certification is just an ethical proposition.
The adhesion to occur with the signing of a document that establishes a company's commitment to supporting its business practices to the 10 principles that are based on four pillars: Human Rights, Labour Law, Environmental Law and Anticorruption.
The UN Global Compact has a solid base, and the initiative with the greatest visibility in a world with over 8,000 signatories in 135 countries.
In Brazil, the Constitution, promulgated in 1998 is our country into a democratic state, whose foundations are sovereignty, citizenship, human dignity, social values of work among others.
The federal constitution of 1998 aims to transform reality by setting goals for social action and state. Within these goals is the reduction of social and regional inequalities.
This goal is in addition to a fundamental goal is a guiding principle of national economic order, and total economic growth should be directed to the development of society.
Based on estimates by the World Bank in 2010, Brazil is now the 7th largest economy in the world. The Brazilian economy surpasses all other countries of South America and is expanding its presence in foreign markets through multinational corporations.
In general, the investment of transnational applied in the production of goods and services has a positive effect because it increases the resources that result in employment generation and on the other hand may have a negative effect when they involve the acquisition of local company as part of the process restructuring occurs layoffs.
Therefore, in 2000, the Ethos Institute for Business and Social Responsibility, pioneered the link between business and the Global Compact. In 2003 she created the Brazilian Committee of the Global Compact (CBPG) who is a volunteer group comprised of 32 national organizations, among them the very Ethos, which aims to promote the adoption and incorporation of the Global Compact principles in business management from companies.
For higher levels of corporate social responsibility. It was created by the stock exchange in Sao Paulo, BM & F Bovespa, the ISE-Sustainability Index is a response to growing interest in the country in sustainable finance and investment.
The Index measures the total return on a portfolio of stocks issued by companies are highly committed to corporate sustainability and social responsibility
Currently, with 373 Brazilian companies that have joined the Global Compact, this puts Brazil in 5th place in the number of signatories of South America as a way to strengthen the social responsibility movement in the country.
In practice the idea of creation of the Global Compact, considered only to assess corporate social responsibility, through a report on the performance indicators that must be submitted annually by the companies that become signatories.
In a social context the Global Compact, the UN approached the private sector, since this appearance reflected a major concern of the United Nations. To the extent that companies are taking that commitment, contribute to a process of learning and awareness in the defense of human rights.
States have the primary responsibility towards human rights in accordance with international law, but that does not mean that other actors are exempt from that responsibility.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an example of how you can become significant advances in political and humanitarian norms.
The inclusion of human rights among the main goals of the UN, along with the maintenance of international peace and security and the promotion of sustainable development was essential to educate governments and society need to define and respect the fundamental rights of all humans .

ETHICS IN THE POLITICS

For a necessary definition, it would only be possible since that if it defines what is the ethics, because is about a concept that always multifaceted and was vulgarized. It has diverse conceptions of what it is the ethics, as well as, diverse premises of what it would be the ethics most ideal. The ethics, either what it will be, alone can rigorously inside be defined of a method of thought or the practical moral of the life human being. These concepts of ethics are innumerable and even so they can always have coesos points, the experience sample that to arrive at a concept only or consensual in all the directions is practically impossible. In other words, an only concept of ethics does not exist, therefore, as the ethics are seen are not simply an exponential one of values, nor it is simply a set of rules. It is given credit that the ethics are a rational conscience of the action necessity, existing and practised where it will allow things among others to understand the moral values of each human being. The ethics are conceived as a moral monitoring, are specialized in a set of rules of focada behavior in such a way in, personal side as in the professional. No longer professional field I stand out that this not only aims at good the practical one of the function, as well as the preservation of the image of the proper professional and its category, is, therefore a specific type of evaluation or performance. In this context the ethics do not have universal value, and yes individual, that is basic, because it elapses of the proper action of this. As the ethics would be the orientation of the action of an individual from the elements presented in the nature of this individual, any ethical orientation valley in function of an individual necessity and cannot be transplantada for another individual, will be really necessary to analyze the individual nature and its especificidades. Each ethical bedding is most individual and it cannot be transferred artificially to another person, without considering the individual nature of this another one. If what he is ethical to somebody it is tax for another person, without considering the nature of this another person, of beforehand already does not have why to consider ethical validity for the same thing. The ethical analysis is not prerogative of no authority, because it is a rational analysis of all human being. Thus the ethics and the politics are dividing reciprocal and that they act as referenciais for relations in the society. Of soon they involve the actions, the attitudes and the respect with that the politicians iram to deal the society. It is necessarily in this context between the Ethics and the Politics is that we can nullify the search of reverse speed-alignment of promises made in electoral campaigns, where considers solutions for the desires and the urgencies of the society and as this literally is rank in practical. Today the concern politics this engaging in the direction of a society eticamente regulated well against the discriminations, the breakings of the human rights, the corruption, the enormous social differences that seem instransponíveis. It has many years the society is bombed with a gamma of information, that in other countries, already would have served for the destruction of any government, beyond placing behind the gratings one high number of involved in the scandals. However, here, we go living of CPI in CPI, beyond few disabilities for, simply, if to give to some satisfaction the public opinion and the society as a whole. The money subserviente of the public state treasury, that could be disponibilizado in the health, security, habitation and that it would go to minimize the necessity of millions of people, has total indifference politician, is not applied adequately. This lack of Ethics has only aggravated government after government, seen the so great corporativismo between politicians of all the shades, that is, partisan legends. It will be that somebody doubts the agreements politicians, at least, suspicious tendenciosos and that already politicians in the country had favored all? It is only enough to see and to hear the reporters! We will never know the size of the provoked financial gap in the last few decades, but paradoxicalally we know that in this year new elections had happened, where the society is seen as a number, of preference of the voter heading. Let us remember that we are in one year of real importance for all the Brazilians. One year where we go, to the ballot boxes to choose our representatives again. Therefore never it is excessively to ask for caution, to ask for detailed analysis of the proposals and, above all, to ask for ethics of the politicians in the hour to ask for its vote. We have science of that really engaged candidates with the yearnings of the society exist and that they deserve to have a possibility, that is, a chance politics. Although the chaotic situation in all the directions, social, economic, cultural and politician, is possible to move, but society to give this new possibility to it is necessary to bet in a new image politics that would be of one: Ethical politician or of an Ethical Politician. But this new entrepreneur politician, has to have efficient and efficient proposals. Not to use fancies or masks of a marketing maken a mistake politician. To have in its eleitoreiros speeches a fruitful, incipient and realizable rhetoric. We are certain that the electoral college of São Paulo is sufficiently significant, therefore has to have a position condizente with its representation politics. In a Strategy of Marketing Politician she is necessary to know how much its candidates know the problems of its city and present viable and feasible proposals. Therefore voters, distrust of miraculous plans of marketing and give to preference the ones that say how much it costs each promise. The ideas are very important, but they cannot be ambiguous, them they must be evaluated and be contrasted with the bibliography and the description politician of each candidate. Perhaps he has abstention of ethics on the part of many politicians, joining the lack of information and the ignorance of the voters he is that they feed a deturpada vision of mediation and the incompetence demonstrated for diverse Brazilian politicians in the present time The solution is to adopt criteria that give to a panoramic vision of its politician (representative) and of the value of its vote! It looks for to understand the ideology of each partisan legend, but above all it knows deeply which is its Ethics Politics!

As the PCC functions - First Command of the state of São Paulo

The PCC is today the biggest criminal faction of the country. Created inside of the chain and always led by a group of prisoners, the First Command of the Capital appeared in 1993 and calculates itself that today it has about 130 a thousand representatives, inside and outside of the arrests. The organization also is identified by numbers 15.3.3; the letter " P" letter of the Portuguese alphabet and the letter is 15ª " C" it is third. Today the organization is commanded by fugitive prisoners and mainly in the state of São Paulo. A true “union of the Crime” that commands rebellions, escapes, rescues, assaults, kidnappings, murders and the traffic of drugs. It is in the sales of marijuana and cocaine that are its bigger invoicing. The load robbery and the assaults the banks also fatten the “box” of the PCC. E we speak in much money. In March of 2006, a document found for the policy, showed that in that one month the invoicing of the faction, in only one of the book-boxes, arrived the R$ 1,2 million. Although it has been born in São Paulo, where its power is bigger, the PCC also it invaded the “borders” and it is present in some Brazilian states, as Rio De Janeiro, Bahia, Alagoas, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso of the South, Paraná, Minas Gerais and Rondônia. In May of 2006, in deposition the Legislative committee of Inquérito (CPI) of the Organized Crime, in Brasilia, Godofredo Bittencourt, then managing of the State Department of Criminal Inquiry (Deic) - in charge investigating the PCC, it said: “Had a time where the government of the State committed an error, when caught the leadership of the PCC and the outlaws most dangerous redistributed and them for Brazil, between Brasilia, Rio Grande Do Sul and other states as Rio De Janeiro, Mato Grosso of the South and Bahia… then, this, in the reality, finished making a “certain marriage ”? Then, in the reality the PCC is strong in the capital, but it is supported in all Brazil, where goes. He really turned a fever”. The criminal command is prepotent and arrogant. It obtained, throughout these years, to co-opt until lawyers, who had passed of defenders of prisoners, for allies the “party”. Some lawyers already imprisoned had been accused to take orders of a chain to another one the control of the PCC. Creative - for the side of the evil it is clearly - the paid PCC course of right for students with the objective of that, in the future, when formed, them they come to defend them. Until a page in the Internet the PCC arrived to have. It was created by a prisoner who - considered of good behavior - could use the computer of the room of the director of the penitentiary. It used to make the page of the PCC, discovered for journalists and taken off of air for the policy. The main ally of the command is the cellular, present telephone inside of almost all the 140 São Paulo chains. With them the heads of the PCC give its orders for other chains and for that they are of the side of it are. Orders of the crime. In a chain of the interior of São Paulo, during one blitz, the policy found, in the cell of an only prisoner, eight cellular ones. It was a true cell-office of where the prisoner commanded its “businesses” trafficking drugs between São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Paraná. The “power” of the PCC in the chains is so great that in one of them, the Prison of Araquara, also in the inside of São Paulo, had mounted a true brothel. Women of program were contracted to give “services” to the prisoners of the PCC. She capsized almost that a motel. The service of the outlaws. In the Cabaret of the Crime each program cost of R$ 100 R$ 300, depending on the woman and the money of the outlaw. The party in the chain lasted two years almost and alone it finished in 2005 when the policy and the Public prosecution service had received denunciations and had been to investigate. In the inquiry, with more than 200 pages, they are the depositions of ten prostitutes to the commission agent Jesus Nazaré Romão, responsible for the case. All they had confirmed that they had kept sexual relations in the chain with prisoners of the PCC. In the passed year, an employee of the penitentiary was imprisoned and defendant to facilitate the life of chefões of the faction. He received money to allow, among others things, that the prisoners could order its meals in a restaurant of the city. He said the policy that one of the chefões asked for, constantly, a succulent plate of shrimps… This exactly chefão gained the right to have, in its cell, a mattress of water! It is thus the PCC: a group of the insolent and audacious organized crime.

Source: Fátima Souza. " HowStuffWorks - As the PCC functions - First Command of the Capital". Published in 04 of December of 2007 (brought up to date in 09 of September of 2008).